We thank Fermentek for the information,
the free Nonactin granted for our project,
and most of all, the moral support |
Link friends <![CDATA[<ol><li><p align="left"><a href="http://17dmag.imess.net">17dmag </a></li><li><p align="left"><a href="http://7aad.yoll.net">7aad </a></li><li><p align="left"><a href="http://actinomycin.imess.net">actinomycin </a></li><li><p align="left"><a href="http://aflatoxin-b1.yoll.net">alfatoxin-b1 </a></li><li><p align="left"><a href="http://aflatoxin-b2.yoll.net">aflatoxin-b2 </a></li><li><p align="left"><a href="http://aflatoxin-g1.sinfree.net">aflatoxin-g1 </a></li><li><p align="left"><a href="http://aflatoxin-g2.hotusa.org">aflatoxin-g2 </a></li><li><p align="left"><a href="http://aflatoxin-m1.yoll.net">aflatoxin-m1 </a></li><li><p align="left"><a href="http://aflatoxin-m2.yoll.net">aflatoxin-m2</a></li><li><p align="left"><a href="http://anisomycin.sinfree.net">anisomycin </a></li><li><p align="left"><a href="http://ascomycin.my-age.net">ascomycin </a></li><li><p align="left"><a href="http://Blyukher.imess.net">Blukher</a></li><li><p align="left"><a href="http://Bukharin.imess.net">Bukharin</a></li><li><p align="left"><a href="http://dybenko.maclenet.com">dybenko</a></li><li><p align="left"><a href="http://frinovsky.imess.net">frinovsky </a></li><li><p align="left"><a href="http://geldanamycin.fateback.com">geldanamycin </a></li><li><p align="left"><a href="http://k252a.enacre.net">k252a </a></li><li><p align="left"><a href="http://k252b.bebto.com">k252b </a></li><li><p align="left"><a href="http://kt5720.deep-ice.com">kt5720 </a></li><li><p align="left"><a href="http://kt5823.undonet.com">kt5823</a></li><li><p align="left"><a href="http://leptomycin.bebto.com">leptomycin </a></li><li><p align="left"><a href="http://Link-Exchange.yoll.net">Link-Exchange</a></li><li><p align="left"><a href="http://mithramycin.noneto.com">mithramycin </a></li><li><p align="left"><a href="http://mitomycin.enacre.net">mitomycin </a></li><li><p align="left"><a href="http:// nonactin.yoll.net">nonactin</a></li><li><p align="left"><a href="http://Ochratoxin.fateback.com">Ochratoxin</a></li><li><p align="left"><a href="http://parthenolide.my-age.net">parthenolide </a></li><li><p align="left"><a href="http://snorring.deep-ice.com">Snorring</a></li><li><p align="left"><a href="http://staurosporine.hotusa.org">staurosporine </a></li><li><p align="left"><a href="http://tinnitus.hotusa.org">tinnitus </a></li><li><p align="left"><a href="http://trichostatin.sinfree.net">trichostatin </a></li><li><p align="left"><a href="http://tukhachevsky.fateback.com">tukhachevsky </a></li><li><p align="left"><a href="http://verruculogen.maclenet.com">verruculogen </a></li><li><p align="left"><a href="http://vomitoxin.fateback.com">vomitoxin </a></li><li><p align="left"><a href="http://wortmannin.yoll.net">wortmannin </a></li><li><p align="left"><a href="http://yakir.sinfree.net">yakir </a></li><li><p align="left"><a href="http://yegorov.sinfree.net">yegorov </a></li><li><p align="left"><a href="http://yezhov.sinfree.net">yezhov </a></li><li><p align="left"><a href="http://zearalenone.imess.net">zearalenone </a></li></ol><p align="left"><hr color="#008000" size="5" align="left"><p align="left">Here come some links to top-rated hrefs, such as Microsoft, wikipedia, Google and Yahoo :<a href="http://www.google.co.il/">google</a>, <a href="http://www.microsoft.com/en/us/default.aspx">microsoft</a>, <a href="http://www.yahoo.com/">yahoo</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page">wikipedia</a></p><hr color="#008000" size="5" align="left"><p align="left">Now come links to these of fermentek product pages, that are needy : .<a href="http://www.fermentek.co.il">the homepage of fermentek</a>, <a href="http://www.fermentek.co.il/FK506.htm">FK506 or tacrolimus</a>, <a href="http://www.fermentek.co.il/05-products.htm">products of Fermentek: staurosporine, K252A, aflatoxin</a>, <font face="Verdana" size="2"><a href="http://www.fermentek.co.il/rapamycin.htm">Sirolimus (Rapamycin)</a></font></p><p align="left">And other link beggars:</p><p align="left"><a href="http://Tinnitus.itgo.com">Tinnitus. about some guys that had tinnitus ]]> | 7: J Am Chem Soc. 2002 Mar 27;124(12):2894-902.
Nonactin biosynthesis: the initial committed step is the condensation of acetate (malonate) and succinate.
Nelson ME, Priestley ND.
Department of Chemistry, The University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812-1656, USA.
Nonactin is a macrotetrolide antibiotic produced by Streptomyces griseus subsp. griseus ETH A7796 that has shown activity against the P170-glycoprotein efflux pump associated with multiple drug resistant cancer cells. Nonactin is a polyketide, albeit a highly atypical one. The structure is composed of two units of each of the enantiomers of nonactic acid, arranged in a macrocycle, so that the molecule has S4 symmetry and is achiral. The monomer units, (+)- and (-)-nonactic acid, are derived from acetate, succinate, and propionate, although the exact details of the assembly process are quite unclear. We have used feeding experiments with a series of multiple stable isotope labeled precursors to elucidate the details of the first committed step of nonactic acid biosynthesis. We have found that the (13)C label from 3-ketoadipate is incorporated specifically into both nonactic acid and its homologue, homononactic acid. The data conclusively show that the first committed step of nonactin biosynthesis is the coupling of a succinate derivative with either acetate or malonate. The differentiation into either nonactate or homononactate occurs after the initial condensation; the homologues are not derived from use of a different "starter unit" by the nonactate polyketide synthase. The first step of nonactin biosynthesis involves achiral intermediates; differentiation between the known enantiocomplementary biosynthesis pathways to form each enantiomer of the precursor monomer units likely occurs after the initial condensation reaction. |
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